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Author
Claire Mensah
Category
Forex
Pages
226
Reading time
~5 h
Level
Beginner

Forex

Forex Market Fundamentals

Pairs, pips, sessions and the mechanics of currency trading

Forex Market Fundamentals explains how currency quotes work, how pip value changes with pair and lot size, what spreads and swaps cost, and how leverage amplifies both directions.

Session behaviour and economic release mechanics are covered with examples, so the calendar stops being background noise.

What readers will learn

  • How base and quote currencies define a pair
  • How to calculate pip value and trade cost
  • What leverage and margin actually change
  • How the Asian, London and New York sessions differ
  • How to prepare for scheduled economic releases

Table of contents

  1. 1How a Currency Pair Is Quoted
  2. 2Pips, Lots and Trade Cost
  3. 3Spreads, Commissions and Swaps
  4. 4Leverage and Margin
  5. 5Sessions and Liquidity
  6. 6Economic Releases
Risk Management9 min read

Position Sizing

The sizing formula, worked examples across instruments, and the account-level limits that sit above it.

Marcus Adeyemi · Updated 20 Sept 2026